Texas' First Public Institute for Higher Education
(The Agricultural and Mechanical College -- 1876)

Planning for a public institution for higher education in Texas can be traced back to the early days of the Republic of Texas and before. It was not until the fall of 1876, however, before this planning became a reality. In October of that year, The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas first opened its doors, a major milestone in the state's long-term committment to higher education. The new school was located on a barren prairie some five miles south of the then recently chartered town of Bryan. Tuition totaled $10 per semester.

campus
A&M's Earliest Campus. In its first year, the campus at the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas consisted to just two buildings: Steward's Hall (left) and Old Main. Two wooden barracks were added behind Old Main for the second session (just visible through the front porch of Steward's Hall). (image from the collection of Lone Star Junction)

Students arriving at the college for its inaugural session no doubt experienced some anxious moments. Aside from two impressive brick buildings and a railroad line along the western boundary of the campus, the physical surroundings were those of a wild wasteland where deer, cougar, wolves and other wildlife abounded. The howling of wolves furnished an every-night and all-night serenade. On at least one occasion, a lone wolf wandering through the campus threw the whole community into a frenzy of excitement by glaring into the ground-level window of the mess hall. Some thirty cadets and professors responded to an alarm, but the animal easily escaped into the high weeds.

A&M's earliest years were characterized by much turmoil as the school struggled to define its curriculum, to survive the politics of lawmakers in Austin, and to curb the internal feuds of its own faculty on campus. The school was forced to respond to a critical press and to compete fiercely for operating funds from the state. More than once during these early days, A&M found itself on the brink of collapse.

Ultimately, however, both the faculty and the students of A&M were able to rise above each of these obstacles to survival. In the process, they created the foundation for an institution of higher education in Texas that now ranks among the leading universities of the world.


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